Panc 04.03 Xenograft Model Overview
The Panc 04.03 xenograft model is derived from a human pancreatic cancer cell line, Panc 04.03, established from a patient with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). PDAC is the most common and aggressive form of pancreatic cancer, known for its poor prognosis due to late-stage diagnosis, rapid metastasis, and resistance to most conventional therapies. The Panc 04.03 model is highly valuable for preclinical research, providing a robust platform to study the molecular mechanisms driving pancreatic cancer, evaluate therapeutic strategies, and investigate tumor metastasis. Given its molecular characteristics, the Panc 04.03 xenograft model is extensively used to test chemotherapy agents, targeted therapies, and immunotherapies.
Request a Custom Quote for Panc 04.03 Xenograft ModelBiological and Molecular Characteristics
Panc 04.03 cells are characterized by their epithelial origin and exhibit typical markers of pancreatic cancer, including cytokeratins, epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), and the cancer-associated antigen CA19-9. The Panc 04.03 model also harbors mutations in the KRAS oncogene, which plays a pivotal role in the initiation and progression of PDAC. KRAS mutations contribute to tumorigenesis, resistance to treatment, and the metastatic potential of the tumor. In addition, Panc 04.03 cells show dysregulation in the PI3K/AKT and MAPK signaling pathways, both of which contribute to cell survival, proliferation, and resistance to apoptosis. These molecular features make Panc 04.03 a valuable model for studying the mechanisms of resistance to chemotherapy and for evaluating agents that target these pathways.
| Marker | Expression Level | Function |
|---|---|---|
| Cytokeratin | High | Epithelial cell marker |
| EMA | High | Epithelial membrane antigen |
| CA19-9 | Elevated | Pancreatic cancer biomarker |
| KRAS | Mutated | Oncogene involved in tumor progression |
| PI3K/AKT pathway | Dysregulated | Promotes cell survival and proliferation |
In Vivo Model Development and Tumorigenicity
The Panc 04.03 xenograft model is typically established by implanting Panc 04.03 cells into immunocompromised mice, such as NOD/SCID or NSG mice. Upon implantation, the cells form rapidly growing tumors that resemble human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. The tumors are highly cellular, with significant vascularization, which supports the rapid tumor growth. These tumors also exhibit high levels of necrosis due to the aggressive proliferation of cancer cells. Panc 04.03 xenografts are commonly used to evaluate the effectiveness of chemotherapy agents, such as gemcitabine and cisplatin, which are standard treatments for pancreatic cancer. Given the model’s ability to develop resistance to chemotherapy, it is highly useful for investigating the mechanisms of drug resistance and for testing new therapeutic strategies that aim to overcome these challenges.
In addition to subcutaneous implantation, orthotopic implantation of Panc 04.03 cells into the pancreas of immunocompromised mice is also possible. This orthotopic model more closely mimics the natural progression of pancreatic cancer, allowing for the study of tumor growth, invasion, and metastasis in a clinically relevant setting. Panc 04.03 xenografts have the ability to metastasize to distant organs, such as the liver, lungs, and peritoneal cavity, making it an ideal model for studying metastatic disease and evaluating therapies aimed at preventing or treating metastasis.
Request a Custom Quote for Panc 04.03 Xenograft ModelHistopathology and Immunohistochemical Profile
Histopathological examination of Panc 04.03 xenografts reveals the characteristic features of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, including glandular structures, irregular cellular morphology, and necrotic areas. The tumors exhibit high mitotic activity, which is indicative of rapid cell division and tumor growth. Immunohistochemical staining of Panc 04.03 xenografts shows strong expression of cytokeratins and EMA, confirming the epithelial origin of the tumors. Elevated levels of CA19-9 are also detected, providing additional evidence of the pancreatic cancer origin. Additionally, the tumors show high expression of phosphorylated AKT, indicating activation of the PI3K/AKT pathway, which plays a key role in cell survival and resistance to chemotherapy. The tumors also exhibit significant angiogenesis, as evidenced by CD31 staining, highlighting the importance of blood vessel formation in supporting tumor growth.
Preclinical Applications and Drug Response
The Panc 04.03 xenograft model is widely used to evaluate the efficacy of various therapeutic agents for pancreatic cancer. The model is particularly useful for testing chemotherapy agents, such as gemcitabine, cisplatin, and 5-fluorouracil, as these are commonly used in the treatment of PDAC. The Panc 04.03 model’s ability to develop resistance to chemotherapy makes it an ideal system for studying chemotherapy resistance mechanisms and for evaluating new agents that aim to overcome resistance.
In addition to chemotherapy, the Panc 04.03 xenograft model is valuable for investigating targeted therapies, particularly those aimed at the KRAS, PI3K/AKT, and MAPK pathways, which are commonly dysregulated in pancreatic cancer. The model is also increasingly used to evaluate immunotherapies, including immune checkpoint inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies targeting cancer-specific antigens, such as CA19-9. The model’s high metastatic potential makes it ideal for studying therapies that aim to prevent or treat metastasis, a critical challenge in the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
Request This Model
To request the Panc 04.03 xenograft model for your preclinical studies, please use the form below. A customized quote and additional model specifications will be provided upon inquiry.
Request a Custom Quote for Panc 04.03 Xenograft Model